I think zinc ions and certain amino acids are probably the most useful additional nutrients for beer production using malt based wort. Zinc ions probably last forever in the fridge, but amino acids have some sort of half life. Reagent grade valine (that can reduce diacetyl according to some studies) seems to have half life of a couple of years so there will be a good bunch of active valine even after five years of storage. However, Wyeast pages say: "Stability 1 year if stored in airtight container in a cool environment." I would still use it after two-three years if stored dry and in cool environment. Anyway, it gets boiled so the microbes that could interfere with beer get eliminated and the only downside that you are likely to see will be the slightly dimished activity of the product. After three years I would replace it with a new vial because it's so affordable.