Sanitation is, in fact, very important in home winemaking. The results of lack of cleanliness or sanitation does indeed result in bacterial, and other, infections in wine:
Lactic acid bacterium - The wine develops an oily look with rope- like treads or strings.
Flowers of wine - Small flecks or blooms of white powder that grow to cover the entire surface and can grow quite thick. They are caused by spoilage yeasts and/or mycoderma bacteria, and if not caught at first appearance will certainly spoil the wine.
Acetification - caused by any of several of the vinegar bacterium.
Brett - Medicinal odors created by the yeast Brettanomyces bruxellensis.
Mannite : A serious disease of wine, characterized by a very bitter taste, caused by a very high proportion of d-mannite (loosely termed mannitic bacteria).
Cork Taint - Caused by airborne fungi that come in contact with chlorophenol compounds.
Sanitation is essential in both wine making and brewing. Those who fail to follow strict sanitation guidelines do so at their peril.