I do the same, sneak one bottle into the fridge about 9-10 days after bottling and check it in the weekend(giving it 4 days fridge to reabsorb the co2).
rough guide:
2 weeks minimum room temperature for all beers to carb up, 3 weeks is better.
Cellar/fridge for a week to reabsorb the co2 in the headspace and drop yeast out of beer.
Ipa, drink quite fast after it is done, 2-3 months in cold cellar, maybe 2 months in warm room for best taste.
APA, other milder styles, 3-4 months for best taste, 3ish for warmer rooms.
Pilsner and most lagers would need cellar time anyway, but need to be stored cold, just a bit above freezing for best results.
Darker, heavier beers can take months just to start to get good, some of my quads still got more interesting after 3 years.