Since this just happened to me in the last year (an inheritance), and because we carry no debt other than our house (not even a car loan at the moment) I can tell you exactly what I did:
The majority of it went into our retirement accounts, including a guaranteed annuity. Some of it was used to top off our savings accounts, to get them to a "six months worth of payments" level. Some helped pay for my wife's breast cancer medical bills that were not expected. The rest is in an interest bearing account, where about half will be used to re-roof the house, some will pay for a few smaller home projects, and the rest will be saved (and added to) to make a trip to the UK in 2018.
We did blow $250 to buy a vintage 1953 Westinghouse Range, that I spent another $40 to rewire.