Fermentation can slow down due to many factors, only a gravity reading can shine light on how far it is done. Beer can be done actively fermenting after 2-3 days, but there is a period of conditioning afterward that is just as important for many beers to come into their own, only few exceptions noted. Batch size has little to do with that, but yeast pitch and vitality does.
I've had certain beers gone from grain to glass in as soon as 5 days, including a 3-4 day dry hop and be perfect (NEIPAs). But that's more an exception than rule. Allowing a week after active fermentation comes to an end for yeast to clean up (condition) and clear (flocculate out) is common, but many beers benefit from a longer time, some as long as months or even years.