Look up the word "parti-gyle." I have decided this method is not a mysterious antiquated novelty, but tailor-made for the home brewer. Multiple beers from the same mash, smaller boils, high-efficiency. They did it for the same reason we should all be doing it.
I have two partigyle brews in the hopper. One is for the 12-12-12 Wee Heavy. Basically, my recipe is for a 16-gallon (pre-boil) batch of 1.060 ale. No big deal. The first runnings (8 gallons) will end up as 4.75 gallons of the 1.100 Wee Heavy, and the second runnings gets a pound of british crystal (steeped--to bring some unfermentables back to the party after the Heavy's long, low mash) and becomes a best bitter (1.040 or so), plus some frozen starter wort.
Since the first and second runnings are boiled separately, they can have entirely different hop schedules. You can also add other grains and mash in-between. You can blend the two (or three) gyles to produce anything you want, and ferment with different yeast. I blend the two gyles 50/50 for Porters, for instance. You only need turkey fryer size pots to boil a 10-gallon batch. You can brew a huge beer plus a normal beer from the same mash and still get efficiency in the 80s.