It's all subjective to your tastes. Typically higher ABV and darker beers will keep better, longer. Imperial Stouts and Barleywines will keep for years and develop further in the bottle.
Even DIPAs will keep for a year or more. With hoppy beers, the hop flavors and aromas will fade over time. After a year in bottle, a huge, hoppy, DIPA will still be good, IMO it just won't be that hoppy anymore. It'll end up more malty and sweet like a barleywine. I just had a year old Founder's Devil Dancer a couple days ago and I thought it was just as good as fresh..different, but still really good. Dogfish Head claims that their 120 Minute IPA will keep up to 10 years in the bottle.
If you're passing up IPAs and hoppy beers because they're older than a couple months, I think you're missing out. Just because the hop flavor isn't at its peak of freshness, doesn't mean the beer is bad. Often they could use some time to balance out the flavors.
Unlike the expiration of other food products, I don't think there is anything in beer that would make you sick if you drank an old beer..it just won't taste as good.