well some more thoughts on this.
I recently did this at the end of a boil with a thermometer - didn't notice it until the next morning. Tossed the beer.
Reasons for tossing - initial, worried about a glass sliver in a wheat beer. Should settle out, but the co2 could stickto it and keep it in suspension and it might make it through course filters. AFTER I opened the top, I'd made the right decission.. smelled like band- aids - I figured infected by the insides of the thermometer. Don't ask, don't care how just know it smelled like bandaids.
Now some beer (and wine) is filtered. I found a filtering system at austin but it cost $90, I like couldy beer (so only 1 time use) and ingredients were $40. Decided to just remake it.
With that said, if you want to filter and are feeling good and it doesn't smell bad after a week, go right ahead, something fine like coffee filter or such should work... Just RACK theheck out of it first. Any sediment will clog your filter and slow you down, more racking=less sediment to try and filter. Although there is a medium to that, maybe primary, then secondary, then 2nd secondary then rack to bottling bucket through filtering. That's what I'd do. Oh and 1 whirlflock tab +1 cup boiled water added when secondarying to help pull stuff out, maybe the cup of boild water with wirlflock into the primary now. About 5 mins to disolve, not much longer, whirlflock breaks down over in boils over 10 mins and 1 full tab is good for 10 gallons normal, but in this case, I think an agressive fining is called for)... At least that was my plan til I decided - 'it only cost me$40'