The owners wanted to create a partnership with the PA a long time ago. Bettman was working with Paul Kelly well before the CBA was close to expiring, and the PA saw this as an act of weakness and organized a late-night coup to get rid of him (he was fired at 2am).
Then, they bring in Donald Fehr. This is a guy with a track record of work stoppages, and has said time and again he is 100% opposed to salary caps. He was brought in not to work with the League and create harmony, but to start a war.
Bettman and the League offered to begin negotiations waaaaaaay back in January of 2012, the PA said no. Bettman wanted to begin working on a new CBA near the end of the season, the PA said no. Bettman wanted to get going on a new CBA early in the summer - PA said no. So the NHL concocts some asinine proposal to get things started, and the PA says "this is insane" and then takes an entire month to counter. Funny thing is the proposal was a complete reversal to what the owners/player split was during the last CBA.
Anyway, if the League had just continued to play, the players would hold all the leverage as they'd be able to strike whenever they wanted. Donald Fehr has a reputation for work disruption, and this would have been no different.
One side has been dragging its feet and unwilling to cooperate, and it's the NHLPA. The owners list of demands is high, but the unwillingness of the PA to work off of their requests is what has cost us 1/2 a season and created such animosity in the boardroom. At least, that's how I see it.
Either way I think every single person involved in this can suck a big one. This shouldn't be so difficult to sort out.