No, they don't or shouldn't take that long.
I've just gone throught this adventure with a couple of Wyeast smack packs from my LHBS.
A HEALTHY smack pack or tube of liquid yeast in a well prepared starter wort should, in my experience, produce a nice krausen in a few hours.
If it is taking 36 hours to produce activity, all else being equal, this would indicate to me that you have a very small number of viable yeast cells to start with.
Is it just me, or does anyone else notice that we have more of these slow or fail to start threads in the summer? I think we may be seeing an endemic lack of proper care of the liquid yeast from the time it leaves the manufacturer and the time it is used by the homebrewer. With the warm temps of summer, it doesn't take much of a glitch in shipping or handling to damage liquid yeast.
I am getting a bit frustrated with it all and see the best solution as harvesting and storing healthy yeast on slants or frozen.