So, my understanding (and I'm not a chemist) is that you only need to passivate if your stainless equipment has excess iron embedded in the surface. This could happen due to machining (like cutting threads), scrubbing with steel wool, or something done wrong while welding - actually, welding with the wrong filler might be impossible to fix. To remove the excess surface iron, you can use 20% nitric acid or 5% citric acid. Before you put these chemicals to work, you need to degrease and clean your equipment. That's where the bar keepers friend (oxalic acid) would come in.
The actual passivation, formation of chromium oxide, then happens by itself, after the nitric or citric acid treatment.