If you top up with water after the boil, then you can do a much bigger batch, even larger than 5 gallons.
I made a 25 liter (6.6 gal) batch in a 27 liter (7.13 gal) kettle.
EDIT:
I checked BeerSmith, it says I could do a 35 liter / 7.3 kg grain batch (9.25 gal / 16 lb grain) in my 27 liter kettle. This requires a mash that has a high pre-boil gravity (over 1.090), and after boil I'd top up with 20 liters (5.3 gal) of water to bring the OG down to around 1.045. If you want a higher OG, you need to do a smaller batch, since getting a higher pre-boil gravity is not easy.
In your case, that would mean a 6.5 gal batch with 11.2 lb of grain.