One to two weeks, depending on the beer, and it's off to be packaged
Honestly, the only thing that I've kept in a fermenter for two weeks was a 1.082 Imperial IPA. I have a regular American IPA that I rack after 11 days that has done alright in competition. My wheat beer is racked after 6 days. I'm looking to enter that one into a few competitions to effectively bust the "3 week rule" myth.
Don't brew like a robot by following a "2-3 week fermentation" rule blindly. Spend your time learning about yeast and fermentation and you will find that with a healthy fermentation, most ales will be done in about a week more or less. Spend your money on precise temperature control, starter equipment, and an oxygenation system and I guarantee that you will make better beer, even if you don't care for fast turn arounds.
Seriously, fermentation is more important than whirlpools, hop stands, decoctions, all grain vs extract, Blichman bling, cold steeping, and countless other techniques that have little effect when compared to what yeast do.