Questions regarding Cap Management/secondary fermentation

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DaTruYugo

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Hello everybody,

This is my first mead that I've made, let me give you the run down and hopefully somebody can answer my questions and/or point me in the right direction!

Started with:
6 Gallon carboy/ 22 Litres
5kg of honey from a local family friend that is a bee keeper (not pasteurized)
1 packet of wine yeast
Tap water that was boiled then let out to cool and i mixed it with water and added it to the carboy

That was the first fermentation that lasted just over 8 weeks. The bubbling in the airlock was at this point about every 30-45 seconds.
Potential alcohol: 2.3-3
Specific Gravity: 10.25
I did NOT write down my initial reading when I first pitched the mead (mistake on my end).

Second fermentation:
4.75L Citrus mead (squeezed 3 oranges and 1 lemon)
4.1L Raspberry mead (removed any high quality raspberries and mushed them up with a fork so that it turned into a paste pretty much)
3L plain old honey mead
The rest was syphoned into another large 5-6 gallon carboy with one blended pineapple. The leftover pineapple mead ended up being approximately 11-12 litres.

I did not add any additional yeast/energizer/nutrients to the sealed carboys. The alcohol content of the mead is current 2.5-3% alcohol from what I can tell during the reading...its not what I wanted but it is my first time so I don't mind!

Questions I have:

1. Will I need to stir/shake the raspberry mead (due to the must getting to the top). I've read about cap management/explosions/mold growing on top. I've gently shaken it about twice a day...

2. I did not add any energizers/nutrients for the yeast once I put it into the new carboys (is this a mistake?I see bubbles forming so it seems like the yeast has gotten new food from the fruits I've placed inside)

3. I plan on racking it after another 3-4 weeks. Is there anything I need to take into account besides making sure that i don't syphon any of the must/dead yeast/etc?

4. Is there anything I can do for a higher alcohol content or am I stuck with where its at?

Thanks for all the help!
 
Question #1 - Gently rocking the carboy once a day or even every other day is in my opinion a good practice. It moves the fruit cap and gets the top of the fruit moist with your Mead. This greatly reduces the chance for "nasties" to grow.

Question #2 - Residual yeast if active will eat up the sugars in the fruit, what you are seeing is pretty normal.

Question #3 - Consider adding Pectic Enzyme, mashing the berries releases the pectin and it will be very difficult to clarify without it. Also consider racking off the berries after 2 weeks. I have found the berries pretty much give give up their flavor after 10 - 14 days and anything with small seeds can cause off flavors as the seeds will give up some harsh flavors if left in much past two weeks.

Question #4 - Yes there is, but as this is your first consider just leaving it to see how it comes out.
 
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