You know, this has bothered me since I got into brewing. Those of you who say that the study is flawed, I'm not sure what you believe. The guys checks oxygen saturation with a meter and many of you are saying that "you get more O2 dissolved with your setups." Which, I don't believe.
You guys ever seen water treatment plants where they are spraying the waste water up into the air? Any ideas on why they're doing that? To oxygenate the waste and let the aerobic bacteria do their job. If blowing oxygen through the waste or blowing air was more effective, why wouldn't they do that? Because pure oxygen (O2) is not soluble in water, which is why I've been so skeptical about "bubbling" oxygen through your wort. You not putting any O2 into solution in the wort unless it is only from turning over the fluid and exposing it to more air.
The reason that O2 won't dissolve in water is because it is non-polar and water is polar. Please understand that I'm not saying oxygen is not soluble in water. Pure oxygen never hangs out as just "O", it always pairs up and hangs out with other Oxygen molecules. Consequently, it is O2. But, in air (which is a mixture of many gases, chiefly nitrogen), you can get some free 'O' molecules. Which is why you do get some dissolved oxygen in water--but it because it is in a mixture of air (mostly nitrogen).
Conversely, CO2, which we all know as carbonating gas, is non-polar. It is
very soluble in water. When you crank the pressure on your corney, you can HEAR the gas rushing into and going into solution. Want 5 volumes of CO2 in your beer? Crank up the pressure. If you tried the same experiment with pure oxygen, you would get nothing.
It has been a long time since college chemistry, so I might have a couple details wrong here. See
this link to play around and see how some molecules are polar and some are non-polar. You can also google a ton of things (molecules) and figure out if they're polar or non-polar. Just one last example to "prove" to you this works. Say you have some rust stains on your bathtub. Rust is Iron oxide, FeO2. I can tell you what would remove the stains without ever trying because you know that FeO2 is polar. Will methanol remove rust stains? No. Because iron oxide and alcohols are both polar. (in fact, all alcohols are polar, so you don't need to try any others) What about carbon tetrachloride? Absolutely. If you have some carbon tetrachloride (which is non-polar), it will easily remove rust stains because Iron Oxide is soluble in Carbon tetrachloride.
This is a complicated topic, but rest assured, pure oxygen is not soluble in water (or wort). If you don't believe me, put some wort into a corny and put 30 psi of O2 on it. You won't see any flow (or very, very little). You're better off pouring your wort between two containers and doing a lot of splashing. Happy brewing guys.