I'm new to cider, but I believe campden suppresses yeast and bacterial growth. It's effects are limited though, so when you pitch your fresh healthy liquid or rehydrated yeast 24-48hours later, it out grows and outperforms anything else already in the juice.
I believe the only difference in hard cider and apfelwein is the strength, ergo, apfelwein uses adjuncts like sugar to boost the ABV. In German, apple wine, implying winelike strength.