Generally yes, as long as the alpha is close to the same.
By "fresh" I assume you mean home-grown or locally grown ? As opposed to "whole hops".
Your post title says "whole hops" and then in your text you say "fresh hops" two times, they are, or can be 2 different things.
Fresh hops are hops you have grown yourself or bought fresh, they will always be whole.
Commercially grown hops can be bought either pelletized or whole. They are equal if the alpha is the same.
i.e. "fresh" and "whole" are not necessarily the same thing, and you have referred to both, so not sure which you are referring to.