I got tons of the dead yeast at the bottom of the bucket into the bottles. You can just see it chillin there. Also, I have problems with my beers not being very clear and lots of sediment. What am I doing wrong?
One of the first things to do to get clear beer is to be patient. If you put the beer in the fermenter, wait three weeks, then rack to the bottling bucket that will help. If you choose to use a secondary, that will also help because the "stuff" that falls out of the beer in the first month will fall out in the carboy, instead of in your bottles.
A couple of other things: use "kettle finings" during the boil. Whirlfloc works great. It helps coagulate the proteins that can cause cloudy beer. Also, when you rack the beer to the bottling bucket, or another carboy to use as a clearing tank, don't be "greedy" and suck up every last bit of beer. Keep the siphon above the trub layer, and as soon as you start to suck up trub, stop.
One last idea- chill your fermenter down to 40-45 degrees three days before you bottle. That will really cause some yeast and other particles to drop out of the beer.
When you go to bottle, gently move it the night before to the counter, or wherever your work space is, and let it sit overnight so that everything that got stirred up a bit during the move can settle back down.
Patience pays off! Here's a photo of my IPA: