http://www.who.int/water_sanitation_health/dwq/chemicals/en/aluminium.pdf
http://www.alzheimers.org.uk/Facts_about_dementia/PDF/i_aluminium.pdf
http://byo.com/mrwizard/1019.html
Sources of aluminium
The main sources of environmental aluminium are:
• Food –
many foods contain small amounts of aluminium.
• Packaging – food may come into contact with aluminium through packaging or using aluminium foil or trays for freezing, storing or cooking.
However, the amount of aluminium added to food in this way is usually negligible.
• Pans – cooking in uncoated aluminium utensils can increase the amount of aluminium in certain foods such as fruits which are high in acid.
Cooking foods in coated, non-stick or hard anodised aluminium pans adds virtually no aluminium to food.
• Medicines –
many antacids used for treating indigestion contain large amounts of aluminium compounds but normally little of the aluminium
is absorbed.
• Water – aluminium is naturally present in some water and, in addition, aluminium sulphate is widely used in the treatment of public water
supplies.
However, intake of aluminium from water is very small in comparison with other sources.
• Air – some aluminium from the air may enter the lungs as dust but this form is highly insoluble and hardly any reaches the rest of the body. Only a minute proportion of the aluminium we ingest from these various sources is absorbed by the body, and even this small fraction is usually excreted in the urine or harmlessly deposited in bone which acts as a ‘sink’ to remove aluminium. So effective are these mechanisms that it is estimated that the adult human body contains 30-50mg of aluminium – far less than the amount in a single antacid tablet!
The expert view on aluminium
There have been numerous conferences on aluminium and health ever since the idea that the metal might be a risk factor for Alzheimer’s disease was first proposed. The medical research community, international and government
regulatory agencies and the aluminium industry all review the evidence at frequent intervals.
The overwhelming medical and scientific opinion is that the findings outlined above do not convincingly demonstrate a causal relationship between aluminium and Alzheimer’s disease, and that no useful medical or public health recommendations can be made, at least at present.
It has proved extremely difficult to devise studies which could resolve this problem one way or another. Alzheimer’s is a common disease with multiple causes, while aluminium is widepread in the environment and there are no
methods that allow us to measure an individual’s ‘body burden’
or lifetime exposure to this element. It is possible that suitable ‘transgenic’ animal models which develop the pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease in their brains will enable scientists to determine if such changes are accelerated or exacerbated by aluminium at levels which correspond to normal human exposure.