Long term, you need to change that gutter configuration also. That's just too small an area for water to drain effectively, especially in a climate like yours. Since your attic insulation is most likely wet anyway, you'll need to get up there an replace it or you will have a massive mold problem this summer. You can get new soffit vent shields when you buy the insulation. They're basically just a styrofoam channel that keeps the insulation from clogging the soffit vents so you can get th insulation right up to the edge of the heated living space and ensure no heat loss.
Short term, you may want to just take that gutter off so the problem doesn't get worse until you can fix it properly.
