its quit possible the defensive teams have been doing well. 9ers, ravens still in two of the big offensive teams out N.O. and G.B. maybe defensive does win championships.
some communities use the police for local revenue, which is one reason in Pa local police are not permitted to use radar to enforce speed laws. only state police can use radar. I have been pulled over 8 times in my 36 years of driving 3 times by state troopers and always given a warning. I have...
if you don't know the strain of the yeast the ferm temp in the instructions would give you a indication. generally yeast fermented above 60 f will be ale below 55 f will be lager. there are a few exceptions.
why are you afraid to open the bucket. just don't go mucking around in the beer, take a hydro reading when you want. Sanitize anything going in the beer and its all safe. your being too paranoid.
you will have to do a search there are those that have wired their temp controller to control the frig, instead of just using the controller to cut the power to the frig.
I drink 1 or 2 of the bigger beers IPA's, imperials, barley wines on the weeknights and go to the session beers on the weekends APA's, pilsners, helles b/c I don't really know how many I will end up drinking.
At this point I would just let it go. Just think of it as a learning experience and pitch more the next time. you can use a free pitching calculator at mr malty. Definitely do a d-rest it will help with the under pitching and the warm beer temp start.
I'm glad you got auto tune to work for ya. Auto tune seems to over shoot before it wants to settle down for me. Good for you, wish I could explain it to ya but I have never been able to get it to work perfect for me.
never follow a time schedule from a kit. the beer has its own time schedule. use a hydrometer to know when its done, I let my ales go 3 weeks in primary, the extra time is to let the yeast clean up after its self following fermentation completion.
sure retaining heat within your system will help, and a longer coil will transfer heat to the wort faster. I believe the others were trying to say you could cut the flow through the coil to give the wort more time to absorb heat.
the volume needed is dependent on the hops used (whole hops absorb a lot of wort) and if you put everything in the fermenter or leave the break and hop sludge behind. I calculate my recipes for 6 gal to get 5 gal in the fermenter. I leave the break and hop sludge in the boil kettle and leave a...
I would give it a good hot water and oxy soak and then see if you notice any odors, if it smells ok I would try it with a small light color low hop recipe to see if it is not transfering any off flavors. to be honest it probably is salvageable.