If you keep missing your gravity and volume, do what I do:
- when you are done lautering, measure volume and gravity. Now you can determine the after boil volume based on the OG. You can also determine a conservative boil time in case you don't expect to boil off the difference in 90 or 60 min
- start boiling
- when 15 min are left, turn the flame off to stop the boiling and see where you are at with the volume. Now put your immersion chiller in and resume the boil
- claculate the amount that will be boiled off in the remaining 15 min and start boiling the amount of water you need to add to hit your calculated after-boil (cast-out) volume. Add that water as soon as it boils.
- now you should hit your gravity dead on, everytime.
Kai