TL: DR Beer is not required to have hops.
I while researching the chemisty behind skunked beer I read the following and got a little chuckle.
"In fact, American and German beers are
required by law to contain at least a small amount of hops."
http://www.professorbeer.com/articles/skunked_beer.html
But then I thought "Well, I know that the Reinheitsgebot limited beer ingredients to barley, hops, and water. But are all three
required. And what about US laws."
So I got my nerd on and looked up the US law.
http://www.ecfr.gov/cgi-bin/retriev...a1ae108e6c&mc=true&n=pt27.1.25&r=PART&ty=HTML
Title 27 → Chapter I → Subchapter A → Part 25 → Subpart B → §25.11 Defines beer as
" Beer. Beer, ale, porter, stout, and other similar fermented beverages (including saké and similar products) of any name or description containing one-half of one percent or more of alcohol by volume, brewed or produced from malt, wholly or in part, or from any substitute for malt. Standards for the production of beer appear in §25.15."
Checking on §25.15 "Materials for the production of beer", we find the following.
(a) Beer must be brewed from malt or from substitutes for malt. Only rice, grain of any kind, bran, glucose, sugar, and molasses are substitutes for malt. In addition, you may also use the following materials as adjuncts in fermenting beer: honey, fruit, fruit juice, fruit concentrate, herbs, spices, and other food materials.
(There is a paragraph (b) but it only discusses additional sources of alcohol.)
So, I find no basis in US law that requires the use of hops in beer.
(I also found funny that the US govt definition of beer doesn't specifically mention lager, but includes ale, porter, stout and saké.)
Yes, I know, I have a strange sense of humor. :fro: