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Today, I noticed deposits of a scum-like pure white substance in an irregular ring around the circumference of the cider level in my glass carboy. The ring ranges from a tiny white line to about 2mm high. It looks just like white soap scum, and it is present only where the liquid meets the...

I can use some advice on chasing down a possible gas leak. This is a new to me, used keg that I refurbished and I'm now testing for leaks. I replaced both in/out valve stems, the o-rings on the gas and liquid tubes, the lid o-ring, and the pressure relief valve. My test method for this keg...

What's the best way to determine sugar content of cider? All I can think of, is to evaporate or boil away a known volume of cider and weigh what's left after it dries. I'll then assume the residue is almost all sugar, with a little bit of whatever solids are left from apples and yeast. Is...

My hydrometers were made for use around 60 degrees F, if I remember correctly. I can't be sure, because they're all currently floating in cider carboys. The fluid temperature is 74 F according to the flexible temp tape glued to the carboys. I am wondering how far off my hydrometer reading is...

I made several batches of cider using Nottingham yeast and two types of juice - unfiltered natural-looking juice, and crystal clear Motts. Varying amounts of added sugar, from 1/2 to 1 pound per gallon. Each time, I let it ferment to the end, yielding a nice dry cider without any...

I followed directions on the bottle by adding 1/2 teaspoon of powder per gallon to two five gallon batches of very cloudy cider - one after fermentation as I racked it into a secondary carboy and another five gallon batch that I was starting in primary. How long do you think it will be until...

I don't have much extra room in my small refrigerator, so I was wondering - what is the minimum amount of alcohol content my cider should have to safely store it in 1-gallon sanitized glass jugs without refrigeration or re-pasteurization after brewing? Also - how long can I store it before it...

Hi everybody! I started my first batch of cider 11 days ago. 5 gallons of unfiltered pasteurized apple juice 6 pounds table sugar 1 packet of 11g Nottingham yeast, reconstituted in 4 oz water for 15 min Starting gravity was 1.090 Last night, after 10 days, the gravity reading was...