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As the yeast convert sugar into carbon dioxide and alcohol, the specific gravity falls. When the yeast are done working, the SG levels off. This is the most reliable indication that fermentation has ended.

Sam Smith Oatmeal Stout was my first favorite beer in college. I haven't had it in years, but it still holds a special place.

My mortgage, mostly.

So, I picked one up yesterday, but I'm thinking of returning it. My current MLT holds heat very well, but it's too big, and it's rectangular, so I lose a lot of wort to poor geometry. Anyway, I got this Igloo Ice cube hoping to resolve that issue. Now I think I'll have temps problems. So, one...

Just wanted to pass this on... I'm loving this. Maybe it's that I'm three glasses deep tonight, but the flavor has really improved since my last glass, maybe two months ago. It was good to begin with, but after a year, I think it's less a dessert wine and more an anytime wine. I don't think it...

At that point, you'd need to add 2 liters+ at maxed IBUs. That might dilute the rest of the batch too much. You might be better off with hops extract or boiling up some DME/LME in the addition. On the other hand, you could do the 1L and see how it goes. Then, take it from there.

It depends on how much bitterness you need. The theoretical max IBU for a solution is 120, I think. So, if you max out your liter at 120, it will be diluted to add about 6 IBU to the full batch, assuming it's a 5 gal batch. How much do you need?

I've used a hop tea (once) to adjust the balance going into the keg. It worked very well for me, but I've heard others say it's not effective, so, YMMV. I didn't use a French press. I had an extra hops bag on hand, so I just boiled it up in that. Another option is to use hops extract.

According to Hieronymus in "Brew Like a Monk", Westvleteren 12 used to be called Abt, FWIW.

I'm sure this is partially a matter of faith, but there seems to be some disagreement on this. Palmer, in the Yeast chapter of "How to Brew", cites an experiment with various methods of aeration including direct O2 injection and shaking. The direct injection batches were deemed, on average, thin...

Yes. Run a search on "aquarium pump aeration". Also, a few of the member-vendors offer packages including pump, filter, and air stone.

Mine came apart once during dough-in, and I worried about it enough thereafter to switch to a braid after a few more batches. I had put about 20 batches on it, and I guess heating/cooling cycles together with assembly/disassembly had worn out the fittings enough that they were loose. It came...

Yeah, I'm not stressing out over this, and I'm not suggesting anyone else should. I had never thought about it, I'd never seen a PSA on here about it, and I just thought it was noteworthy. If you don't rinse your Oxiclean, your StarSan might not be as effective as otherwise. Carry on.

I've been using Oxiclean for my general cleaning and StarSan for sanitizing for a while. I was recently browsing the Oxiclean website and noticed the ph is 11. Star San, of course, is an acid (ph ~3). With those stats in the back of my mind, I went to work cleaning and sanitizing some...

I snagged the ingredients and proportions right off BYO. I would be tweaking it here and there. I guess my fundamental question is: can you use the same recipe for a dubbel and a oud bruin (with significant divergence in the secondary)? I guess the answer is yes, although I should consider...

Brewing Techniques is an awesome resource, thanks! However, my thought was to make a single, 10g (maybe 8g) batch and split it in the fermenter. Thanks,

I feel like having a very fruitful holiday season. I'm taking a week off, my wife is taking our daughter out of town for a few days, and I'll be home alone with my little man (toddler, junior brewer, especially loves to help me turn apple juice into "beer"). I have four beers I want to try in...

I put light American oak chips in a double IPA a couple of years ago. I boiled the chips to sterilize. I think it was in the secondary for 14 days (poor notes). The oak flavor was not overpowering, but there was a ton of flavor in the IPA itself. However, I just cracked the last bottle of it a...

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_rice

PS, SWMBO would be happy to drink the must as is. To me, it tastes like a shot of espresso with maybe two tablespoons of sugar, to her it tastes like delicious burned marshmallows.