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Yes they do. Some people make sourdough with it. https://www.homebrewtalk.com/threads/uses-for-lees.506266/

Freeze some of the lees.

An air lock's main function IMO is to keep oxygen out. Alcohol + oxygen = vinegar. A bit of oxygen may help to develop flavors but too much is no good. As long as large amounts of CO2 are produced there is an outward flow of gases (mainly CO2) through your cloth. When fermentation slows down...

Great write-up! Hope it gets stickied.

These guys make single variety cider with Cox's Orange Pippin: Simple Cider Cox's Orange Pippin - Real Cider Reviews There is also single variety Granny Smith cider: Granny Smith | Woodchuck Cider My guess is that any apple that can be used to make a decent single variety cider can be mixed...

In Normandy the shredded apples are pressed the next day IIRC.

Cold press juicers also create a lot of foam and juice with lots of pulp. Have a look at this: It is in German but the footage speaks for itself. Start looking at 5.30 min.

Campden suppresses fermentation, growth of fungi etc. only temporarily. Tannin/acid and sugars are usually added before fermentation starts as I understand it. I never do, I use a mix of organic apples and see what happens, usually works well. Having fruit flies in a carboy is imho a sign of an...

https://cidercraftmag.com/2017/08/14/the-meaning-of-farmhouse-cider/

Rick, would you please explain how you do the pressure test?

You can always keep some yeast for a next batch. You can freeze it.

3 gallons

A layer of straw between every 2 layers of apple pulp. http://www.hayefarmcider.com/making-our-cider

Your welcome. I have lived in Walsall and Ross-on-Wye so I know the area.

Not too far from the Midlands are the Malverns. Cider and perry country.

Found this while surfing. Looks really simple.

Acidity or bitterness/tannin?

http://www.appelwijn.be/index.html This guy in Belgium does very nice ciders. I had his Nagafu and Red Love. He recommended I try Junami single varietal cider. My eldest daughter thinks the cider I made with Junamis is better than his cider. :)

As the title says: what do you mean by crab apples? Which are suitable for cider and which aren't?

I don't think you are jeopardizing anything. You brew may actually develop some interesting flavours.