The temperature controller will basically turn on and off the freezer to keep the temperature at what the controller is set to. The 11 degree figure is for the thermostat on the freezer, itself, but you won't be using that.
I have temperature controllers on a chest freezer set to about 36F...
That's unfortunate. I have only used mine 2 or 3 times, so I must not have hit that limit yet. Was it the tip of the probe that failed, or something related to the covering? I am hoping I can at least continue to use the longer probe without issue (making sure that only the tip is submerged)...
Yes, but only with the immersible probe! That one is specifically designed to be water resistant (at least) so it can be entirely submerged without damaging. The others will allow liquid to damage the wiring where the probe meets the cable, so you want to avoid getting that part wet...