I use regular office paper in the InkJet printer. If it's a gift, I get a heavier-weight paper.
Many of the label companies, such as Avery, have templates you can use in M$Word or LibreOffice for their labels, but I just take scissors and cut them out from the plain paper, because I don't want the sticky glue mess when cleaning.
To stick them on, I use basic flour-and-water paste, with a very little bit of white glue ('Elmer's') mixed-in. Plain white glue is also good over the surface and along the edges to create a water-resistant cover (suitable for protection from condensation), but comes right off during a hot-water dip when cleaning.
Of course, this process is good for my small batches. I suppose if I was planning on mass quantities, I'd find a nearby professional printer.