First off, why cane sugar and not corn sugar? No problem with either, just wondering.
Palmer means that your final beer gravity should be 0.003 higher than the FG by adding the sugar before bottling, regardless of the volume of the beer. If you add 4-5oz (by wt) of dextrose to a 5 gallon batch, you get 0.0025 gravity points added to the beer's gravity. You can extrapolate what that would be for 1 gal, etc. So no, 1.015 is not what you're shooting for, and is 5 times the amount you should be putting in there.
Yes, if you put 30.1 grams in 1 gallon, you'd get an additional 3 gravity points in that gallon. But you'd want to put those 30 grams into a gallon of your beer, otherwise you'd be diluting too much when adding to the bottle if done in water (which should be obvious). What I would do is come up with a concentrated form of the sugar, and add a measured amount of that to your bottles (like as is done normally). Typically, you add around 2.5% the volume of the final beer in sugar dissolved in water (2 cups with 4oz dextrose in a 5 gallon batch). Use that as a standard for your concentrated solution and go very little up and down by volume, like 2%-3% among your test bottles. Much more and you're inviting bombs (5% would give you twice the amount of a normal carb addition, and will definitely explode on you).
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