I'd say the yeast and possibly temperature. Just as some yeasts can't handle high ABV, some yeasts just can't handle the osmotic pressures in meads. If you mixed the second batch less, the yeast would also have a better chance of getting started. The only professional mead maker I know says she'll put half of the honey in and let it ferment out, then add the rest. Makes for faster, more uniform ferments.
I've seen meads ferment for 14 months.
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