+1 on using the spoon to drip a couple drops of wort on the refractometer.
As for taking readings, I take a reading after collecting my boil volume, and then again toward the end of the boil. My brewing software provides me with the gravity of the boil volume, so it is good to see if I hit my targeted efficiency before I get my boil on. I take a final reading (OG) just prior to pitching.
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Peace d'Ale
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